The Judges of the Court are appointed by the Summit from among sitting judges of any National court of judicature or from jurists of recognized competence and the Registrar is appointed by the Council of Ministers.
The President and the Vice President are also appointed by the Summit from the Judges of the Court. Originally composed of six Judges, two from each of the three father founders of the Community namely The Republics of Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda, the Court is currently composed of eleven Judges, following the accession of the Republics of Burundi and Rwanda to the Community.
In addition, following the amendment of the Treaty establishing the East African Community that was carried out on 14th December, 2006 and 20th August, 2007, the Court was reconstituted to have two divisions: a First Instance Division and an Appellate Division.
The current composition of the Court is as follows:
Appellate Division
- Hon. Justice Dr. Emmanuel Ugirashebuja: President of the Court – (Republic of Rwanda)
- Hon. Justice Liboire Nkurunziza: Vice-President of the Court – (Republic of Burundi)
- Hon. Justice Aaron Ringera – (Republic of Kenya)
- Hon. Justice Geoffrey W. M. Kiryabwire – (Republic of Uganda)
- Hon. Lady Justice Sauda Mjasiri – (United Republic of Tanzania)
First Instance Division
- Hon. Lady Justice Monica Mugenyi: Principal Judge – (Republic of Uganda)
- Hon. Justice Faustin Ntezilyayo: Deputy Principal Judge – (Republic of Rwanda)
- Hon. Justice Fakihi A. Jundu – (United Republic of Tanzania)
- Hon. Justice Audace Ngiye – (Republic of Burundi)
- Hon. Justice Dr. Charles Oyo Nyawello – (Republic of South Sudan)
- Hon Justice Charles Ayako Nyachae – (Republic of Kenya)
First Instance Division
- Hon. Mr. Justice Harold Reginald Nsekela: President of the Court – (United Republic of Tanzania)
- Hon. Mr. Justice Phillip Kiptoo Tunoi: Vice President – (Republic Of Kenya)
- Hon. JuHon. Mr. Justice Johnston Busingye: Principal Judge – (Republic of Rwanda)
- Hon. Lady. Justice Mary Stella Arach Amoko: Deputy Principal Judge – (Republic of Uganda)
- Hon. Mr. Justice John Mkwawa – (United Republic of Tanzania)
- Hon. Lady. Justice Emillie Kayitesi – (Republic of Rwanda)
- Hon. Mr. Justice Joseph Sinde Warioba – (The United Republic of Tanzania)
- Hon. Lady. Justice Solomy Bossa – (Republic of Uganda)
- Hon. Mr. Justice Moijo ole Keiwua: President – (Republic of Kenya)
- Hon. Mr. Justice Augustino Ramadhani – (The United Republic of Tanzania)
- Hon. Mr. Justice Joseph Nyamihana Mulenga: President – (Republic of Uganda)
- Hon. Mr. Justice Kassanga Mulwa: Principal Judge – (Republic of Kenya)
- Hon. Mr. Justice Benjamin P. Kubo – (Republic of Kenya)
- Hon. Justice J. Butasi – (Republic of Burundi)
- Hon. Justice James Munange Ogoola – (Republic of Uganda)
- Hon. Justice Isaac Lenaola – (Republic of Kenya)
- Hon. Justice Edward Rutakangwa – (United Republic of Tanzania)